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  3. Journal of Economic Perspectives
  4. Spring 2004
  5. Prediction Markets

Journal of Economic Perspectives

ISSN 0895-3309 (Print) | ISSN 1944-7965 (Online)

Prediction Markets

  • Justin Wolfers
  • Eric Zitzewitz
Journal of Economic Perspectives
vol. 18, no. 2, Spring 2004
(pp. 107–126)
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Abstract

We analyze the extent to which simple markets can be used to aggregate disperse information into efficient forecasts of uncertain future events. Drawing together data from a range of prediction contexts, we show that market-generated forecasts are typically fairly accurate, and that they outperform most moderately sophisticated benchmarks. Carefully designed contracts can yield insight into the market's expectations about probabilities, means and medians, and also uncertainty about these parameters. Moreover, conditional markets can effectively reveal the market's beliefs about regression coefficients, although we still have the usual problem of disentangling correlation from causation. We discuss a number of market design issues and highlight domains in which prediction markets are most likely to be useful.

Citation

Wolfers, Justin, and Eric Zitzewitz. 2004. "Prediction Markets." Journal of Economic Perspectives 18 (2): 107–126. DOI: 10.1257/0895330041371321

JEL Classification

  • D84 Expectations; Speculations