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We study the effect of stricter enforcement of the dividend-withholding tax (DWT). We
focus on a 2016 Danish enforcement reform and compare Denmark to its Nordic neighbors.
Throughout the Nordic stock markets, shares on loan spike sharply around dividend dates.
These spikes are consistent with abuse of the DWT system. Post reform, spikes in Denmark
disappear, and annual DWT revenue increases by 130 percent. Enforcement does not
harm the investment climate, as measured by Danish stock returns, investment rate, and
dividend yield.