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Roland Fryer: 2015 John Bates Clark Medalist

By Lawrence F. Katz

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Winter 2016

Roland Fryer is an extraordinary applied microeconomist whose research output related to racial inequality, the US racial achievement gap, and the design and evaluation of educational policies make him a worthy recipient of the 2015 John Bates Clark Medal...

The Timing of Monetary Policy Shocks

By Giovanni Olivei and Silvana Tenreyro

òòò½Íø Review, June 2007

A vast empirical literature has documented delayed and persistent effects of monetary policy shocks on output. We show that this finding results from the aggregation of output impulse responses that differ sharply depending on the timing of the shock. ...

Do Workplace Smoking Bans Reduce Smoking?

By William N. Evans, Matthew C. Farrelly, and Edward Montgomery

òòò½Íø Review, September 1999

In recent years workplace smoking policies have become increasingly prevalent and restrictive. Using data from two large-scale national surveys, we investigate whether these policies reduce smoking. Our estimates suggest that workplace bans reduce smoking...

Searching for Effective Teachers with Imperfect Information

[Symposium: No Child Left Behind]

By Douglas O. Staiger and Jonah E. Rockoff

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Summer 2010

Over the past four decades, empirical researchers — many of them economists — have accumulated an impressive amount of evidence on teachers. In this paper, we ask what the existing evidence implies for how school leaders might recruit, evaluate, and r...

Cultural Proximity and Loan Outcomes

By Raymond Fisman, Daniel Paravisini, and Vikrant Vig

òòò½Íø Review, February 2017

We present evidence that cultural proximity (shared codes, beliefs, ethnicity) between lenders and borrowers increases the quantity of credit and reduces default. We identify in-group lending using dyadic data on religion and caste for officers and borrow...

Gross Worker Flows over the Business Cycle

By Per Krusell, Toshihiko Mukoyama, Richard Rogerson, and ´¡²âÅŸ±ð²µÃ¼±ô ½¢²¹³ó¾±²Ô

òòò½Íø Review, November 2017

We build a hybrid model of the aggregate labor market that features both standard labor supply forces and frictions in order to study the cyclical properties of gross worker flows across the three labor market states: employment, unemployment, and nonpa...

There Will Be Killing: Collectivization and Death of Draft Animals

By Shuo Chen and Xiaohuan Lan

òòò½Íø Journal: Applied Economics, October 2017

The elimination of private property rights can lead to inefficient use of productive assets. In China's collectivization movement from 1955 to 1957, instead of transferring draft animals to the ownership of the collectives, peasants slaughtered them to ke...

Private Information and Trade Timing

By Lones Smith

òòò½Íø Review, September 2000

Does Grief Transfer across Generations? Bereavements during Pregnancy and Child Outcomes

By Sandra E. Black, Paul J. Devereux, and Kjell G. Salvanes

òòò½Íø Journal: Applied Economics, January 2016

Using population data from Norway, we examine the effects of stress induced by the death of the mother's parent during pregnancy on both the short-run and the long-run outcomes of the infant. Using a variety of empirical strategies to address the issue of...

Liquidity Constraints, Fiscal Externalities, and Optimal Tuition Subsidies

By Nicholas Lawson

òòò½Íø Journal: Economic Policy, November 2017

A large literature focuses on two important rationales for government subsidies to college students: positive fiscal externalities from a larger tax base, and liquidity constraints. This paper provides a first attempt to gauge the relative importance of t...

Does Merger Simulation Work? Evidence from the Swedish Analgesics Market

By Jonas µþÂá´Ç̈°ù²Ô±ð°ù²õ³Ù±ð»å³Ù and Frank Verboven

òòò½Íø Journal: Applied Economics, July 2016

We analyze a large merger in the Swedish market for analgesics (painkillers). The merging firms raised prices by 40 percent, and some outsiders raised prices by more than 10 percent. We confront these changes with predictions from a merger simulation mode...

Can Online Learning Bend the Higher Education Cost Curve?

By David J. Deming, Claudia Goldin, Lawrence F. Katz, and Noam Yuchtman

òòò½Íø Review, May 2015

We examine whether online learning technologies have led to lower prices in higher education. Using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, we show that online education is concentrated in large for-profit chains and less-selective p...

Taboos and Identity: Considering the Unthinkable

By Chaim Fershtman, Uri Gneezy, and Moshe Hoffman

òòò½Íø Journal: Microeconomics, May 2011

A taboo is an "unthinkable" action. Even the thought of violating a taboo triggers a punishment. We consider a model in which taboos are part of the definition of one's identity. Deliberating over breaking the taboo changes the individual's choice set, an...

Competition with Exclusive Contracts and Market-Share Discounts

By Giacomo Calzolari and Vincenzo ¶Ù±ð²Ô¾±³¦´Ç±ôò

òòò½Íø Review, October 2013

We analyze firms that compete by means of exclusive contracts and market-share discounts (conditional on the seller's share of customers' total purchases). With incomplete information about demand, firms have a unilateral incentive to use these contrac...

A New History of Banking Panics in the United States, 1825-1929: Construction and Implications

By Andrew J. Jalil

òòò½Íø Journal: Macroeconomics, July 2015

There are two major problems in identifying the output effects of banking panics of the pre-Great Depression era. First, it is not clear when panics occurred because prior panic series differ in their identification of panic episodes. Second, establishing...

Implementation of a New Architecture for the US National Accounts

By Dale W. Jorgenson and J. Steven Landefeld

òòò½Íø Review, May 2009

Barriers to Household Risk Management: Evidence from India

By Shawn Cole, Xavier ³Ò¾±²Ôé, Jeremy Tobacman, Petia Topalova, Robert Townsend, and James Vickery

òòò½Íø Journal: Applied Economics, January 2013

Why do many households remain exposed to large exogenous sources of nonsystematic income risk? We use a series of randomized field experiments in rural India to test the importance of price and nonprice factors in the adoption of an innovative rainfall...

Understanding the Gains from Wage Flexibility: The Exchange Rate Connection

By Jordi ³Ò²¹±ôí and Tommaso Monacelli

òòò½Íø Review, December 2016

We study the gains from increased wage flexibility using a small open economy model with staggered price and wage setting. Two results stand out: (i) the effectiveness of labor cost reductions as a means to stimulate employment is much smaller in a curren...

Negative Returns to Seniority and Job Mobility across the Program Quality Distribution: Are Top Public PhD-Granting Programs Different?

By Michael J. Hilmer and Christiana E. Hilmer

òòò½Íø Review, May 2011

We analyze a unique data set containing annual salary and detailed job and publication histories for a sample of 1,009 faculty members drawn from 53 public Ph.D.-granting economics departments. Empirical results suggest that all else equal: (1) statistica...

Is China Socialist?

[Symposium: China]

By Barry Naughton

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Winter 2017

It has been 40 years since Deng Xiaoping broke dramatically with Maoist ideology and the Maoist variant of socialism. Since then, China has been transformed. Forty years ago, in 1978, China was unquestionably a socialist economy of the familiar and well-s...