蝌蚪网

Indigenous Self-Governance and Development on American Indian Reservations

By Dustin Frye and Dominic P. Parker

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People promotes self-governance as a matter of justice rather than economics. How will self-governance affect the incomes of indigenous people? To gain insight, we compare long-run income growth on American I...

Custom Elections and Local Policies: The Case of Canada's First Nations

By Fernando M. 础谤补驳贸苍 and Anke S. Kessler

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

We examine the effect of community-designed electoral codes on Canadian First Nation communities. Adopting a custom code for local elections allows for changes such as increasing term duration, creating appeal and supervisory bodies, and incorporating tra...

Appropriate Institutions? Traditional Governance and Public Goods Provision in Oaxaca, Mexico

By Gustavo J. Bobonis, Juan C. Chaparro, Marco Gonzalez-Navarro, and Marta Rubio-Codina

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

What are the consequences of the adoption of traditional governance institutions among indigenous groups for local government affairs? We study the 1995 Usos y Costumbres traditional governance reform in the state of Oaxaca, which legitimized these struct...

Secured Transactions Laws and Economic Development on American Indian Reservations

By Christian Dippel, Donna Feir, Bryan Leonard, and Marc Roark

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

Harmonized commercial laws are considered an essential ingredient to commerce and trade and have been called the backbone of American commerce. Key components of these laws are those governing secured transactions. In recent years, Native American tribal ...

Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability

By Amrita Ahuja, Susan Athey, Arthur Baker, Eric Budish, Juan Camilo Castillo, Rachel Glennerster, Scott Duke Kominers, Michael Kremer, Jean Lee, Canice Prendergast, Christopher M. Snyder, Alex Tabarrok, Brandon Joel Tan, and Witold 奥颈臋肠别办

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

Vaccinating the world's population quickly in a pandemic has enormous health and economic benefits. We analyze the problem faced by governments in determining the scale and structure of procurement for vaccines. We analyze alternative approaches to procur...

Private and Social Returns to R&D: Drug Development and Demographics

By Efraim Benmelech, Janice Eberly, Dimitris Papanikolaou, and Joshua Krieger

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

Investment in intangible capital such as R&D has increased dramatically since the 1990s. However, productivity growth remains sluggish in recent years. One potential reason is that a significant share of the increase in intangible investment is geared tow...

Private and Public Investments in Biomedical Research

By Maya Durvasula, Lisa Larrimore Ouellette, and Heidi Williams

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

Recent policy attention has focused on proposals to reduce prices for drugs that have received public funding. From an implementation perspective, such policies rely on public disclosure of government support for research. In this paper, we highlight two ...

The Economics of Crisis Innovation Policy: A Historical Perspective

By Daniel P. Gross and Bhaven N. Sampat

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, policymakers, researchers, and journalists have made comparisons to World War II. In 1940, a group of top US science administrators organized a major coordinated research effort to support the Allied war effor...

Keynesian Production Networks and the COVID-19 Crisis: A Simple Benchmark

By David Baqaee and Emmanuel Farhi

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

The COVID-19 crisis is a seemingly all-encompassing shock to supply and demand. These negative shocks affected industries differently: some switched to remote work, maintaining employment and production, while others reduced capacity and shed workers. We ...

Sectoral Effects of Social Distancing

By 闯别补苍-狈辞毛濒 Barrot, Basile Grassi, and Julien Sauvagnat

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus has led many states to take the drastic measures of social distancing. Using US executive order, occupation, and survey data, we measure the fall in labor supply due to these measures. Starting from a model of production...

COVID-19 and Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A 2021 "Time Bomb"?

By Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas, 舰别产苍别尘 碍补濒别尘濒颈-脰锄肠补苍, Veronika Penciakova, and Nick Sander

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

This paper assesses the prospects of a 2021 "time bomb" in small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) failures triggered by the generous support policies enacted during the 2020 COVID-19 crisis. Policies implemented in 2020 do not on their own create a 2021...

COVID-19 Is a Persistent Reallocation Shock

By Jose Maria Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis, and Brent H. Meyer

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

Drawing on data from the firm-level Survey of Business Uncertainty, we present three pieces of evidence that COVID-19 is a persistent reallocation shock. First, rates of excess job and sales reallocation over 24-month periods (looking back 12 months and a...

Civil Rights Enforcement and the Racial Wage Gap

By Jamein P. Cunningham and Jose Joaquin Lopez

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

We present new evidence on three measures of civil rights enforcement鈥攍itigation, judge dismissal, and plaintiff win rates鈥攁cross US district courts from 1979 to 2016. Across courts, higher shares of Republican judges are associated with higher dismis...

A Model of Occupational Licensing and Statistical Discrimination

By Peter Q. Blair and Bobby W. Chung

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

We develop a model of statistical discrimination in occupational licensing with endogenous occupation selection and wage determination. We find a unique equilibrium with sharp comparative statics. Our key theoretical result is that the licensing premium i...

Intergenerational Economic Mobility and the Racial Wealth Gap

By Jermaine Toney and Cassandra L. Robertson

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

A growing body of research documents the importance of wealth and the racial wealth gap in perpetuating inequality across generations. We examine the impact of wealth on child income. Our two-stage least squares regressions reveal that grandparental wealt...

The Association between Wealth Inequality and Socioeconomic Outcomes

By Omer Ali, William A. Darity Jr., Avra Janz, and Marta 厂谩苍肠丑别锄

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

We investigate whether inequality in wealth distribution is broadly associated with adverse socioeconomic outcomes across countries. There are few studies that investigate these relationships, likely due to data limitations. On the other hand, a substanti...

Immigration Enforcement and the Hiring of Low-Skilled Labor

By Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes, Esther Arenas-Arroyo, and Bernhard Schmidpeter

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

We examine how firms adjust their labor demand to immigration policy changes resulting from intensified interior immigration enforcement. Using the temporal and geographic variation in the adoption of such policies as a source of identification, we find t...

Hurricane Maria and La Crisis Boricua on Health-Care Supply in Puerto Rico

By Jose M. Fernandez

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

Many medical professionals left Puerto Rico due to the financial crisis. Puerto Rico passed Act 14 in April 2017 to mitigate the exodus of physicians, reducing the flat tax on medical services to 4 percent. The same year, Puerto Rico was devastated by a C...

Pandemic Protocols, Native Nutrition: Grocery Store Access from American Indian Reservations during COVID-19

By Luis Quintero, Emilia Simeonova, and Randall Akee

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

Native Americans have 3.5 times the COVID-19 infection rate and 1.5 times the death rate of non-Hispanic Whites. We demonstrate that social distancing policies may have unanticipated effects on behaviors. We estimate the effect of nonpharmaceutical interv...

Investor Herding and Spillovers in African Debt Markets

By Hanan Morsy, Eman Moustafa, Tiguene Nabassaga, and Mustafa Yenice

蝌蚪网 Papers and Proceedings, May 2021

Using high-frequency data for sovereign long-term bond yields and five-year credit default swap spreads, we estimate a regression model to identify a nonlinear link between cross-section deviation of market yield and extreme movements in African markets a...