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The Self-Employment Effects of Secure Communities in the United States

By Raffi E. ³Ò²¹°ù³¦Ã­²¹ and Alejandro ³Ò³Ü³Ù¾±Ã©°ù°ù±ð³ú-³¢¾±

òòò½Íø Papers and Proceedings, May 2023

Illegal immigration has increased substantially in recent years. In this paper, we analyze how Secure Communities (SC), a major internal immigration enforcement program, affected self-employment participation and income in the United States between 2008 a...

Anticipatory Migration Responses to Rural Climate Shocks

By Esteban J. ²Ï³Ü¾±Ã±´Ç²Ô±ð²õ, Jenna Nobles, Fernando Riosmena, and Raphael Nawrotzki

òòò½Íø Papers and Proceedings, May 2023

Despite increased incidence and severity of climate shocks associated with climate change, observed levels of adaptation remain low. To assess if individuals adapt to the heat-induced crop losses of neighboring households in rural, agriculturally reliant ...

The Incarceration Penalty and Black-White Economic Inequality: The Case of Baltimore

By Lauren Russell, Jorge N. Zumaeta, Aaron Colston, and William A. Darity Jr.

òòò½Íø Papers and Proceedings, May 2023

This paper investigates income and wealth gaps by household incarceration history within and across racial groups using the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition. We study this in the context of 2017 Baltimore. We find that households exposed to incarceration have...

Reputation and Partial Default

By Manuel Amador and Christopher Phelan

òòò½Íø Review: Insights, June 2023

This paper presents a continuous-time reputation model of sovereign debt allowing for both varying levels of partial default and full default. In it, a government can be a nonstrategic commitment type or a strategic opportunistic type, and a government's ...

Pandemic Schooling Mode and Student Test Scores: Evidence from US School Districts

By Rebecca Jack, Clare Halloran, James Okun, and Emily Oster

òòò½Íø Review: Insights, June 2023

We estimate the impact of district-level schooling mode (in-person versus hybrid or virtual learning) in the 2020–2021 school year on students' pass rates on standardized tests in grades 3–8 across 11 states. Pass rates declined from 2019 to 2021: an ...