蝌蚪网

Searching and Learning by Trial and Error

By Steven Callander

蝌蚪网 Review, October 2011

I study a dynamic model of trial-and-error search in which agents do not have complete knowledge of how choices are mapped into outcomes. Agents learn about the mapping by observing the choices of earlier agents and the outcomes that are realized. The key...

Public Goods, Social Pressure, and the Choice between Privacy and Publicity

By Andrew F. Daughety and Jennifer F. Reinganum

蝌蚪网 Journal: Microeconomics, May 2010

We model privacy as an agent's choice of action being unobservable to others. An agent derives utility from his action, the aggregate of agents' actions, and other agents' perceptions of his type. If his action is unobservable, he takes his full-informati...

The Geography of Trade in Online Transactions: Evidence from eBay and MercadoLibre

By Ali 贬辞谤迟补莽蝉耻, F. As铆s 惭补谤迟铆苍别锄-闯别谤别锄, and Jason Douglas

蝌蚪网 Journal: Microeconomics, February 2009

We analyze geographic patterns of trade between individuals using transactions data from eBay and MercadoLibre, two large online auction sites. We find that distance continues to be an important deterrent to trade between geographically separated buyer...

Systems Competition and Network Effects

[Symposium: Network Externalities]

By Michael L. Katz and Carl Shapiro

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 1994

This paper discusses firm behavior, market performance, and the public and private institutions that arise in systems markets, i.e., markets where consumers use compatible components together to generate benefits. In such markets, which include communicat...

Are Information Disclosures Effective? Evidence from the Credit Card Market

By Enrique Seira, Alan Elizondo, and Eduardo 尝补驳耻苍补-惭眉驳驳别苍产耻谤驳

蝌蚪网 Journal: Economic Policy, February 2017

Consumer protection in financial markets in the form of information disclosure is high on government agendas, even though there is little evidence of its effectiveness. We implement a randomized control trial in the credit card market for a large populati...

The Effects of High Stakes High School Achievement Awards: Evidence from a Randomized Trial

By Joshua Angrist and Victor Lavy

蝌蚪网 Review, September 2009

The Israeli matriculation certificate is a prerequisite for most postsecondary schooling. In a randomized trial, we attempted to increase certification rates among low-achievers with cash incentives. The experiment used a school-based randomization des...

Why Was the Arab World Poised for Revolution? Schooling, Economic Opportunities, and the Arab Spring

By Filipe R. Campante and Davin Chor

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 2012

What underlying long-term conditions set the stage for the Arab Spring? In recent decades, the Arab region has been characterized by an expansion in schooling coupled with weak labor market conditions. This pattern is especially pronounced in those countr...

Requiem for the Representative Consumer? Aggregate Implications of Microeconomic Consumption Behavior

By Christopher D. Carroll

蝌蚪网 Review, May 2000

Interpersonal Authority in a Theory of the Firm

By Eric Van den Steen

蝌蚪网 Review, March 2010

This paper develops a theory of the firm in which a firm's centralized asset ownership and low-powered incentives give the manager, as an equilibrium outcome, interpersonal authority over employees (in a world with open disagreement). The paper thus pr...

Fluctuations in Uncertainty

By Nicholas Bloom

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 2014

Uncertainty is an amorphous concept. It reflects uncertainty in the minds of consumers, managers, and policymakers about possible futures. It is also a broad concept, including uncertainty over the path of macro phenomena like GDP growth, micro phenomena ...

Costs of Reducing Global Carbon Emissions

[Symposium]

By John P. Weyant

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Fall 1993

Projecting the costs of reducing carbon emissions is extremely important, and exceedingly difficult. Such projections are an integral component of cost-benefit analyses of alternative policies in response to climate change. This paper first discusses the ...

Nonmarket Institutions for Credit and Risk Sharing in Low-Income Countries

[Symposium: Consumption Smoothing in Developing Countries]

By Timothy Besley

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Summer 1995

The design credit and risk institutions in low-income countries provides one of the most exciting testing grounds for theories of contracting with imperfect information and limited enforcement. This paper reviews some of the recent literature, with a spec...

Information Aggregation in Standing and Ad Hoc Committees

By S. Nageeb Ali, Jacob K. Goeree, Navin Kartik, and Thomas R. Palfrey

蝌蚪网 Review, May 2008

Industry Evidence on the Effects of Government Spending

By Christopher J. Nekarda and Valerie A. Ramey

蝌蚪网 Journal: Macroeconomics, January 2011

This paper investigates the effects of government purchases at the industry level in order to shed light on the transmission mechanism for government spending on the aggregate economy. We create a new panel dataset that matches output and labor variables ...

Information and the Coase Theorem

By Joseph Farrell

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Fall 1987

Some economists think the Coase theorem implies a lot about the proper scope of government intervention in the economy and about the welfare consequences of laissez-faire. Others see it as a mere tautology: that if people negotiate efficiently then every ...

New Evidence on the Returns to Job Skills

By Katharine G. Abraham and James R. Spletzer

蝌蚪网 Review, May 2009

What Accounts for the Variation in Retirement Wealth among U.S. Households?

By B. Douglas Bernheim, Jonathan Skinner, and Steven Weinberg

蝌蚪网 Review, September 2001

Even among households with similar socioeconomic characteristics, saving and wealth vary considerably. Life-cycle models attribute this variation to differences in time preference rates, risk tolerance, exposure to uncertainty, relative tastes for work an...

The Promise and Pitfalls of Using Imprecise School Accountability Measures

By Thomas J. Kane and Douglas O. Staiger

Journal of Economic Perspectives, Fall 2002

In recent years, most states have constructed elaborate accountability systems using school-level test scores. However, because the median elementary school contains only 69 children per grade level, such measures are quite imprecise. We evaluate the impl...

Another Look at the Impacts of Health Reform in Massachusetts: Evidence Using New Data and a Stronger Model

By Sharon K. Long, Karen Stockley, and Alshadye Yemane

蝌蚪网 Review, May 2009

Falsifiability

By Wojciech Olszewski and Alvaro Sandroni

蝌蚪网 Review, April 2011

We examine Popper's falsifiability within an economic model in which a tester hires a potential expert to produce a theory. Payments are contingent on the performance of the theory vis-à-vis data. We show that if experts are strategic, falsifiabili...